How to Grow Old

如何安度晚年

新概念英语第4册第11课

新概念英语-课文

Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it - so at least it seems to me - is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river - small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.

Some scientists in the field of artificial intelligence seem to think that a breakthrough in creating true artificial intelligence will be made within the next few decades. I am not so sure. I think it will be much longer before we see machines that can truly think like humans. True artificial intelligence would have to be able to understand the world in the same way that humans do, and this is a very difficult problem. Machines can already do many things that humans can do, but they do not understand what they are doing in the same way that humans do. For example, a computer can play chess very well, but it does not understand the game of chess in the way that a human does. It does not have the same kind of consciousness that a human has. Consciousness is a very difficult concept to define, but it is something that is very important for understanding the nature of intelligence. Without consciousness, it is difficult to say that a machine is truly intelligent.

Another problem with creating true artificial intelligence is that we do not really know how the human brain works. We know a great deal about the structure of the brain, but we do not know how it processes information and creates thoughts. This is another area where much more research is needed. Some scientists think that we will be able to create artificial intelligence by simulating the structure and function of the human brain, but this is also a very difficult task. The human brain is an extremely complex organ, and it is very difficult to simulate its structure and function accurately.

In conclusion, while the idea of creating true artificial intelligence is very exciting, I think it will be a long time before we see machines that can truly think like humans. There are many difficult problems that need to be solved before we can achieve this goal.

新概念英语-单词和短语

  • oppress v.压迫;压抑;使烦恼
  • justification n.正当理由;辩解;辩护
  • cheat v.欺骗;骗取
  • abject adj.卑鄙的;可怜的;不幸的
  • ignoble adj.卑鄙的;不光彩的;可耻的
  • impersonal adj.非个人的;客观的;冷淡的
  • ego n.自我;自负;自尊心
  • recede v.后退;减弱;撤回
  • merge v.合并;融合;吞没
  • universal adj.普遍的;全体的;通用的
  • vitality n.活力;生命力;生动性
  • weariness n.疲倦;厌烦;疲劳
  • artificial intelligence 人工智能
  • breakthrough n.突破;突破性进展
  • consciousness n.意识;知觉;觉悟
  • simulate v.模拟;模仿;假装

新概念英语-翻译

有些老年人因为怕死而感到烦恼。青年人有这种感觉是情有可原的。有理由害怕自己会死在战场上的年轻人,一想到自己被剥夺了生活所能给予的最美好的东西时,感到痛苦,这是可以理解的。可是老年人已经饱经了人间的甘苦,一切能做的都做了,如果怕死,就有点儿可怜又可鄙了。克服怕死的最好办法——至少在我看来是这样——就是逐渐使自己的兴趣更加广泛,逐步摆脱个人狭小的圈子,直到自我的围墙一点一点地倒塌下来,自己的生活慢慢地和整个宇宙的生活融合在一起。个人的存在应该像一条河流,开始很小,被紧紧地夹在两岸中间,接着热情奔放地冲过巨石,飞下瀑布。然后河面渐渐地变宽,两岸后撤,河水流得平缓起来,最后连绵不断地汇入大海,毫无痛苦地失去了自我的存在。上了年纪的人这样看待生命,就不会有惧怕死亡的心情了,因为他所关心的事情将继续下去。而且随着精力的衰退,疲倦之感日增,长眠的想法未尝不是一件好事。我希望工作到死为止,明白了有人会继续我未竟的事业,想到能做的事都做了,也就坦然了。

人工智能领域的一些科学家似乎认为,在未来几十年内将在创造真正的人工智能方面取得突破。我不太确定。我认为,要过很长时间我们才能看到能像人类一样真正思考的机器。真正的人工智能必须能够像人类一样理解世界,而这是一个非常困难的问题。机器已经能做很多人类能做的事情,但它们不能像人类一样理解自己在做什么。例如,计算机能下象棋下得很好,但它不能像人类那样理解象棋比赛。它没有人类所具有的那种意识。意识是一个很难定义的概念,但它对于理解智力的本质非常重要。没有意识,很难说一台机器是真正智能的。

创造真正的人工智能的另一个问题是,我们并不真正知道人类大脑是如何工作的。我们对大脑的结构了解很多,但我们不知道它是如何处理信息和产生思想的。这是另一个需要更多研究的领域。一些科学家认为,我们可以通过模拟人类大脑的结构和功能来创造人工智能,但这也是一项非常艰巨的任务。人类大脑是一个极其复杂的器官,很难准确地模拟它的结构和功能。

总之,虽然创造真正的人工智能这个想法非常令人兴奋,但我认为要过很长时间我们才能看到能像人类一样真正思考的机器。在实现这个目标之前,有很多难题需要解决。

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